![]() ![]() The total surface area includes both upper and lower surfaces. Note: The wing area is NOT the total surface area of the wing. The wing area is the projected area of the planform and is bounded by the leading and trailing edges and the wing tips. For most modern aircraft, the chord length varies along the span, and the leading and trailing edges may be swept. For a rectangular wing, the chord length at every location along the span is the same. The shape of the wing, when viewed from above looking down onto the wing, is called a planform. The ends of the wing are called the wing tips, and the distance from one wing tip to the other is called the span. The distance from the leading to trailing edges is called the chord. The front of the wing (at the bottom) is called the leading edge the back of the wing (at the top) is called the trailing edge. The top view shows a simple rectangular wing geometry, like that used by the Wright brothers. This airfoil is a modern, thick airfoil, which is slightly different from the thin airfoils used by the Wrights and shown below. The side view shows an airfoil shape with the leading edge to the left. The figure shows a wing viewed from three directions the upper left shows the view from the top looking down on the wing, the lower left shows the view from the front looking at the wing leading edge, and the right shows a side view from the left looking in towards the centerline. Actual aircraft wings are complex three-dimensional objects, but we will start with some simple definitions. This slide gives technical definitions of a wing’s geometry, which is one of the chief factors affecting airplane lift and drag. The terminology used here is used throughout the airplane industry today and was mostly known to the Wright brothers in 1900. Home > Beginners Guide to Aeronautics Wing Geometry ![]()
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